تعريف مفردات القواعد..
اللكنه
accent
1: an articulative effort giving prominence to one syllable over adjacent syllables. 2: a mark used in writing or printing to indicate a specific sound value, stress, or pitch, to distinguish words otherwise identically spelled, or to indicate that an ordinarily mute vowel should be pronounced. People with different accents might use an accent mark to indicate they accent a different syllable.
الصيغة المعلوم
active
asserting that the person or thing represented by the grammatical subject performs the action represented by the verb. In the last sentence, the subject "person or thing" performs the action "perform", so the sentence is in the active voice.
active voice
صوت نشط
In the active voice, the subject of the verb does the action.
adjective
نعت
a word that serves as a modifier of a noun to denote a quality of the thing named, to indicate its quantity or extent, or to specify a thing as distinct from something else. It answers the questions "which?", "how many?", and "what kind of?", etc.
adverb
الظرف
A word like slowly, quietly, well, often etc. An adverb modifies a verb.
apposition
بدل
a grammatical construction in which two typically adjacent nouns referring to the same person or thing stand in the same syntactical relation to the rest of a sentence. For example, in "the rally of the opposition Labor Party", "Labor Party" is in apposition with "opposition".
article
بَنْد, فِقْرَة, مَادَّة
The "indefinite" articles are a and an. The "definite article" is the.
assimilation
اِسْتِيعاب
the process of conforming one sound to another to aid in pronunciation. For example, in the phrase "in Colorado", the "n" in "in" becomes palatalized because of the following "C".
auxiliary verb
فعل مساعد
A verb that is used with a main verb. Be, do and have are auxiliary verbs. Can, may, must etc are modal auxiliary verbs.
case
حَالَة
an inflectional form of a noun, pronoun, or adjective indicating its grammatical relation to other words.
clause
ماده , بند
A group of words containing a subject and its verb (for example: It was late when he arrived).
comparative
مقارن
the degree of comparison in a language that denotes increase in the quality, quantity, or relation expressed by an adjective or adverb.
complement
تَتِمَّة, تَكْمِلَة
an added word or expression by which a predicate is made complete. For example, "president" and "beautiful" are complements in "they elected him president" and "he thought her beautiful".
compound subject
مجمع الموضوع
a subject joined together with a conjunction. "Or" or "and" can join together the nouns or clauses. The preceding sentence has a compound subject.
conjugate
صرفي,, يصرف أفعال
to give in prescribed order the various inflectional forms of something. It is used especially of a verb, in which case it means to give the forms for every person, number, mood, and tense.
conjunction
حَرْفُ عَطْف, أَدَاةُ عَطْف, حَرْف
A word used to connect words, phrases and clauses (for example: and, but, if).
diaeresis
العلامه اللاتينية
two dots placed side-by-side over a vowel. The two dots can have one of two meanings: (1) the vowel is considered a separate vowel, even though it would normally be considered part of a diphthong, or (2) you need to have the paten of your laser printer cleaned. A diaeresis is indicated by a percent sign (%) in these lessons.
digraph
مجموعة من حرفين متتاليين
a series of two letters that constitute a single sound not predicted by combining the two letters.
diphthong
ادغام
a gliding monosyllabic speech item that starts at or near the articulatory position for one vowel and moves to or toward the position for another (as the vowel combination that forms the last part of toy).
direct object
وجوه المباشر
a noun or noun phrase representing the primary goal or the result of the action of its verb. For example, "direct objects" is the direct object of the sentence "I explained direct objects to you".
modal verb
فعل شِكْلِيّ,,, فعل مَشْرُوط
An auxiliary verb like can, may, must etc that modifies the main verb and expresses possibility, probability etc. It is also called "modal auxiliary verb".
mood
حالة نفسية
a particular set of inflectional forms of a verb to express whether the action or state it denotes is conceived as fact or in some other manner (as command, possibility, or wish).
epenthetic
added to aid in pronunciation.
equative
the degree of comparison in a language that denotes the same quality, quantity, or relation expressed by an adjective or adverb.
gender
الجنس
a quality attached to a noun or pronoun that indicates an abstract category of the individuals are being referred to. Most English nouns are neuter, and English has singular pronouns that are masculine, feminine, and neuter ("he", "she", and "it", respectively).
indicative
الارشاديه,, الدال على
a set of verb forms that represents the denoted act or state as an objective fact. Most of our speech is in the indicative mood, like this sentence.
indirect object
وجوه غير المباشره
a grammatical object representing the secondary goal of the action of its verb. For example, "me" is the indirect object of the sentence "He gave me an example of indirect objects".
infinitive
مصدر,, صيغة المصدر
The basic form of a verb as in to work or work.
interjection
اقحام
An exclamation inserted into an utterance without grammatical connection.
intransitive verb
الفعل اللازم
a verb that does not act on an object. For example, "lobby" is intransitive in the sentence "I lobby for intransitive verbs".
noun
إسم
a word that is the name of something (as a person, animal, place, thing, quality, idea, or action). All of the nouns in this definition are emphasized.
number
رقم
a quality attached to a noun or pronoun that indicates a category of how many individuals are being referred to.
object
المفعول به, مفعول
In the active voice, a noun or its equivalent that receives the action of the verb. In the passive voice, a noun or its equivalent that does the action of the verb.
part of speech
جزء من كلمة
One of the eight classes of word in English - noun, verb, adjective, adverb, pronoun, preposition, conjunction and interjection.
participle
النعت الفعلي ,,اسم الفاعل
The -ing and -ed forms of verbs. The -ing form is called the "present participle". The -ed form is called the "past participle"
particle
حَرْف
a unit of speech expressing some general aspect of meaning or some connective or limiting relation. It can be an article, a preposition or conjunction, or possibly an interjection or adverb.
passive
سلبى
asserting that the person or thing represented by the grammatical subject is subjected to or affected by the action represented by the verb. In the last sentence, the subject "person or thing" is acted upon by the verbs "subject" and "affect", so the sentence is in the passive voice.
passive voice
المبني للمجهول
In the passive voice, the subject receives the action of the verb (eg The President was killed). See also Active Voice.
penult
جزء قبل الأخير
the next-to-last syllable of a word. Every time I use a "pen", it is the penult of "penult".
